x * ® * whee OR * * OR RRRER Ok Ok ee =x ** * # * x Ox ee kk * * # * * + e% * * RRR RR RRR eR + = & a * xx x RK Ok eK * RK x O% RRERK OFX OR SUR aaa Number 3 February 10, 1976 Page 1 ; of Unix icine RRC ASR ER SRE REE ERT SS ERK SER EO OE oR EE ROK OE oa Kaa oR This document may contain Information covered Q NOTICE = ( ae Ue = al ) * Last bok. * * * ¥* * by one or more licenses, copyrights, and * non-disclosure agreements. Circulation of * * this document is restricted to holders of a * * license for the/ | UNIX (software jsystem fron * * Western Electric. Such license holders may * * reproduce this document for uses in conformi- * * ty with the Unix license. * * * * * * * * * *: * All other clreulation or reproduction tis prohibited. jean coordosoodeorocoarucooaocoionibioonoocrionkcnir terre DISCLOSURE Our correspondence with Western Electric vis-a-vis the non-disclosure ngreement is reproduced in this issuc. It is agreed that as long as a notice similar to the one printed above appears, we may disclose to each other. In practice, this seems to solve our problem in that we can, either in hard-copy or machine readable form, share modlfications.to the licensed software by sending the modified text. The Unix Hotline telephone nunber is 212-489-0337. It is a 300-baud DLII-E. The login name “unixnews" has no password and connects to a shell which is a stripped down version of “ ed“, We hope its use As self explanatory and your comments and improvements are solicited. Poe “MEETINGS Notices of the next meetings on East and West Coasts mre included below. Since the notice was printed, Mike Stonebraker of Berkeley has ngreed to speak at the West Coast Meeting on INGRESS, his relational data base system. | The East Const meeting will concentrate on. graphics on Thursday and on everything else on Friday... Details will appear in the next Unix News and on the Dotline. 7 SOFTWARE EXCHANGE Arrangements have been made to establish a central facility for the ex- change of machine readable materinls. The University of Illinois at Chicago Circle has offered its facilities. Magnetic tapes, dectapes, or rk~disks shoutd be sent to: Michael T. O’Brien . , Dept. of Information Engineering University of Illinois ut Chicago Circle Box 4348 f yr F, Chicage, Illinois 60630 At least jorttutty:; the plan is to collect everything sent in and to send everything te cach Installation on request. Special Qrrangemenuts can be made with Mike for materials covered by Licenses. Rather than tying the distribution to particular dates, Mike will ship what he has when he reccives your tupe. He docs ask that. installations request, distributions no more frequently than every three months, . : wot me Bid oe Ae RORY * * x ni SRK OK * * 2 eet s x Oe xe OK * * x rm x RR nS * * OR OX RE x RK kK * * RK * OK * RR * ae OK SRK * x TER RK * x * * ROR x * Number 3 February 10, 1976 Page 2 The preferred medium is 600-bpi magtape, with dectape as second choice. If you only have 1600-bpi, mail your tape to! Melvin Ferentz Physics Dept. Brooklyn College of CUNY Brooklyn, N. Y. 11210 Mike will be sending 800-bpl tapes regularly to Brooklyn where there sre dual-deusity drives. UNIX NEWS No, it wasn’t the malls, it was us. There was no November 1975 Issue. Our mailing list was messed up and we didn't get a new list of licensees until mid- January. . We promise to try do better this year. This issue was prepared in mid-February. We expect the next issue to £o out in mid-March. Mailings, no matter how thin will be monthly. Several installations have commented on their diffleultles in reproducing from our hectographed newsletter. Starting with this issue we will use pho to~ copier and/or offset. To reduce bulk, we will, wherever practical, reduce two ‘pages to one. Also starting with this issue, we will copy, without modifica— tion, all correspondence that we feel is of general interest. MONEY To support mailing and reproduction costs at Brooklyn and at Chicago Cir- cle, we are asking for 510.00 from each installation, This should cover ex- penses for the year. . We can send an “invoice" if your purchasing procedures re- quire it. hecks should be sent to Mel Ferentz and be mace payable to “Brooklyn College Association" which has agreed to act as fiscal agent. UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, BERKE Ly LEY Cate 2 IFNINE © LOS ANGELFS © ALL EHSIDE + 24S DIECO SUN FRANCO SANTA CREE . x COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING BEAKELEY, CALIFORNIA 94720 “DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING AND COMPUTER SCIENCES i COMPUTER SCIENCE DIVISION February 3, 1976 Dear “West Coast" Unix User: A second informal meeting of the stil] unformed West Coast Unix Users Group will be hosted by the Computer Science Division on Friday and Saturday, February ‘27 and 28 in Berkeley, California. The timing of the meeting is meant to ccordinate with COMPCON which is being held in San Francisco the 24th to - the 26th. Features of the meeting will be a talk by Jerry Popek of UCLA about his effort to put UNIX on top of a security kernal, the latest information from Ken Thomp- son, a report on the Harvard UNIX system by Chuck Prenner, @ talk on a new de- busger for both C and assembly languages by Bill Allen of the Naval Postgraduate Scnoo), tours of the Berkeley POP 11/70, and the two day format to allow greater inforral éxchange. In addition, it is hoped that each attending group will make a short prasentation on their current work. A block of rcams are being held for us by the Hote! Durant, which is located rext to carpus. The enclosed sheet explains the arrangement. Note that an early reply is required to guarantee you of a room. Please make all housing arrangerents directly with the Hotel Durant. The meeting will convene in the Hughes Room, 431 Cory Hal}, at 10:00 a.m. on February 27. A note or call from groups planning to attend is appreciated but not required. Please invite any ‘interested persons who are not on the mailing Vist. Sincerely, a eae lee c- oak, Professor Robert S. Fabry Phone: (415) 642 2714 Messages: (415) 642 1024 RSF sed Enc. : ‘ HARVARD SCIENCE CENTER MARVAND UNIVERSITY CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS 02138 Office of the Director 1 Oxford Sireet 617 495-2627 January 28, 1976 Prof. Mel Ferentz Department of Physica Brooklyn College of CUNY Brooklyn, New York 11210 Dear Mel: This letter is to confirm that the UNIX Users' Meeting will be held at the Science Center, 1 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Mass. in Lecture Hall D on the first floor on Thursday and Friday, April 1 and 2, 1976. Enclosed is a map and a aketch of the first floor of the Science Center showing the hall location. ‘For people Elying to Boston, the quickest route to Harvard Square is to take the airport bus to the airport subway etation, take & Blue Line train to Government Center, change to the Green Line and go to Park Street, then change to the Red Line to Harvard Square. Time: 20 to 30 minutes. The alternative is to take a cab at a cost of about $7.00. Accommodations: Sheraton Conmander Hotel, 16 Garden St, Cambridge 617-547-4800 Holiday Inn, 1651 Mass. Ave., Cambridge 617-491-1000 Harvard Motor Hotel, 110 Nt. Auburn St., Cambridge E 617-864-5200 All of these are within easy walking distance of the Center. Feel free to call me if you want any other information. Sincerely, be Lewis A. Law Director of Technical Services Enca. LALinda | | © Western Electric Asminigtiation 222 Broagway Rr-11 Fortran under Unix . . New York, N, Y. 10038 a ee ee 234: + We have a modified version of PDP-J1 Fortran IV {as described in DEC-11l~LFLRA~8=D) which runs under Unix. Libraries are available for all PDP-11 confisurations. Binary versions may be obtained by any instaliation with the Dec binary license. Source mey be obtained by those with the Dec Professor Melvin Ferentz, Editor, UNIX News Bource license. A Unix version of the Hacro assembler {is re- Professor of Physics quired to use the source code. Users must make their own arm DATA ACQUISITION FACILITY . rangements for this, School of Science Brooklyn College of The City 3 of New York . The product may be obtained on one RKC5 cartridce or four Brooklyn, Sew York 11210 : ‘ . Dectapes. Where is a handling cherqe of $200, which includes the cost of the medium. (Note: delivery time for Dectaves will be Dear Professor Ferentz: ; substantially greater than for RKO5 cartridges). In response to your letter of November 26, 1975, please be advised " that we have no plans to change the language in our standard UNIX Software Agreement, «which is used to license educational institu- “3 tions for “academic and educational purposes" only. flowever, we have no objections to our UNIX licensees commmicating with cach ‘A Write to - other since each licensee is under the same obligation of confiden- tinlity with respect to the LICENSED SOFTWARE, You are welcome, if : you so desire, to visit with us here at Western Electric, where we Peter Blvomfield would be pleased to discuss with you our agreement, as it relates to L Department of Statistics your necds, Princeton University a Princeton NJ 98540 With regard to your request for a current list of UNIX licensees, [ aa Froviding you with such a list as requested (See attached list). © \ Iwill endeavor to provide you with updates to this list periodically. Phone (609) 452-4195 In conelusion, you did inquire about several Boll System Software Programs, which are presently not available for Jiccnsing. I have forwarded your request for these programs to the Bell Telephone Laboratories. Should they become available for licensing, I will” contact you. Very truly yours, d jew few / R. G, SHAHPAZIAN { Patent Licensing Manager Att. r ica ain an emit A S27 Ne ane October 31, 1975 Dear Dr. Ferentz: Cah Cea: Enclosed are copies of omf docimentation and source code for the new RK driver and for the CR afd DLII-E drivers, As you will nore, the RK driver and its documentation are rather lengthy. It may well be unreasonable for them to appear directly in the Unix News. One solution, therefore, would simply be to inform other users of its existence and have them write directly to ne for copies, On the other hand, I can supply spirit duplica- tor masters of them 1f you like from our Qume printer. You can publish any section of this stuff that seems relevant. The rest may be kept for your own use or garbaged, as appropri- ate. In any event, I would appreciate your publication of the follow ing notice in the News: “Software now available for free distribution to UNIX licensees from the Children’a Museum includes: 1, A new, highly-optiaized driver for the RKII/RKO3/RKOS disk cartricge syster; 2. A version of FOCAL, implemented in C; 3. A driver for the CRII card reader; 4, A driver for the DLI1~-E modem control typewriter interface. aS a 2; 3 where eee ee BS ais cote Voie Sa) LAA DBP A Jad 49 — Dr. Ferentz; Page 2 Please address inquiries to: Computer Center The Children’s Museum Jamaicaway Boston, KA 02130 (617) 522-4800 x25" My thanks. Sinearedys Mags, ~~ Bill Mayhew ,” Director of Computer Systema Development wiM/pdp 25th yéa FRaanecil SANTA MONICA. C auHsu0 9 January 1976 Professor Melvin Ferrants Physics Department Brooklyn College Brooklyn NY 11210 Dear Professor Ferrantz: Enclosed is a (much delayed, I’m sorry to say) report on the West Coast Unix meeting of October, 1975. I hope it is of some use to you. Sincerely yours, te, rehire Steven Zucker Information Sciences Department SZiaj Enclosure as noted. THE RAND COKPORRTION 1700 MAIN SINTEL SANTA MONICA, CALITORNIA fad, FHONE: (27 5) 494-0411 ad WEST COAST UNIX USERS MEETING A mecting of the West Coast UNIX Users was held at the Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California on October Jl. Abouc 20 people attended the meeting. The University of California accounted for about half the parri~= eipants, including representatives from the Berkeley, UCLA, and San Diego campuses. There were also pceopie from the Stanford Medical School, Data Disk,, Inc. (Sunnyvale, Ca.), the Naval Postgraduate School, and Rand. The featured speaker was Ken Thompson who fs teaching at Berkeley this year. Among the things he had to say: 1, There is much duplication of effort in the UNIX community. He pointed out the existence of a bimonthly néwsletter, to which the various installations should contribute, and which should receive wider circulation within installations. 2. DEC will soon announce cheaper and faster replacenents for - the 11/40 and 11/45. Wevever, the ney machines will have 11/40-style memory mapping, i.e., no split I/D spaces, so they won'e suppore large UNIX installations. Only the 11/70 will have the required hardware, 3. Some of Ken's recent research has been concerned with link- ing multiple processors running UNIX. We has successfully linked two such processors. Thus the shell interprets f<command> as a request to run <command> on the foreign machine and "cat x > !foo" outputs to file foo on the foreign machine. A, Ken said that the present scheduling algoritha lacks sophisci-~ cation because they could not think of anything better at the time. He believes that he now hss a better algorichn, which uses short-term averages of compuce time to teal tine to give better service to interactive processes at the expense of compute-bound processes. S$. With regard ro efficiency, Ken said that measurements by pro- gran: er sampling with a very bigh prioricy clock indicated that, seinee ae of the timc spent in the kernel is used by CSV ANd CRIN, the C Tonfusge subroutine cali and return, which save “Tegisters. lie suggests thac these should be microcoded, at least for use by the kernel. : M-asuroments also indicated chat(QO percent of the kernel tine is spent in searching the pro D— h," which decides which process ro Tun. He supgests that the proc table should be hash caled or thar processes in RUN state should be linked {cost: 50 words), i s a n ~~ bd. An ARPAnce interface has been written which uses hardware designed at Systems Development Corporation and construc~ z NOTE: These measurements should be taken with the under= ted at Rand, This hardware is supposed to be equivalent standing that the installation measured has a very ‘fast z to a device chat DEC sells for $4,000 as 5 avapping device and plenty of memory.: ‘ interface (actually a UNIX driver) uses ap : 10,000 bytes of kernel space=-thus, you probably need an 6. Ken indicated that the group concept for protection ts soon 1ayes or 70 to run it. Both user and server telnets and i to be abandonded. Instead of 4 bit group and user ids, there F ftps are inplemented in user space. will be sixteen bit user ids. If the high order bit of the user id is 1, then the next seven bits will define a "class." 2, At the Naval postgfaauate School: Auser vho is a member of a class can only reference files in ; * z thac class, plus those files in class O (public files), and a. Ed has been modified to prompe and give line numbers, and then only subject to che usual interpretation of the pro- ; ? F< nec to quit (q) until after « write (w) unless che user Bpftion Bits. wee - insists, 7. There is in C an undocumented keyword, “long.” Long floats * are double; long ints are 32 bie integers. Long adds are conpiled in line, multiplies and divides call procedures which are_not yet in the library. The code may be buggy. : 4 ~ SS ee . 9 d. A virtual machine monitor has been written (for use as a ee pues aese gale a " < Jott : teaching aid). Hany of the attendees described work {n progress at their installationa. . A few of the sore important developments: “~ . d. A Versatee plotter driver has been writcei ae €. A remote reboot has been inplenented. Wier fat heer sot l! fg omtelGad at. weet Oo ashags hey < - i paud Cel criminals, Tt wit run at slower speeds vichout — ” auch less (doun co & percent) vnen more memory war avail fod Lica tions ‘bue, £200 pau 4s, sprebsbty stec “eToyi {. They know sonething about a conpitable Fortran developed at The philosophy of the editor is to display a "window" of - 3 Princeton. . the tvo-dimensional text. By means of cursor control . buttons (arrow xcys), the cursor can be moved to a desired s 3. At UC Berkeley Regi Clon and ROSE pntieed GOs Py NCE GINS ETRY : &. A {lle system fixer has been written that recovers about ac ‘ vell as possible from crashea. open or close space (lines or blocks) $ eur ne eae fatuardw beclcperds “ens hartroncelhy be. ADL compatible 8 port multiplexer that can be buiic for erate chavactees about §750 has been developed. a 5 seach chifenceers . ¢. Avery distant host interface for che Illinofs NCP has been arpardé new wiedousoon the saae. or Other Files J * developed. Ir runs on an 11/40, dut there are only adout F n 40 words left in the kernel space, The editor 4s coded so that terminal handling is done by : fe aca i = * d, They have Linked UNIX to an 11/05 for hands on use (for nodule which caa be changed to comply with the spect£i- Beis ae terminals other chan the ie Arbors nee at . teaching interrupt programming, etc.). Programs are com : nee piled on an 11/45 and shipped over to the 11/05. Rand. (This was done at Yale.) Such terminals must have cursor control capability. . The editor operates on single keystroke commands, and therefore runs in raw mode; thue it imposes a somewhat heavier load on the system chan ed,